-Definition: VAP is defined as pneumonia occurring >48 hours after endotracheal intubation.
-Organisms to cover: S. aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and other gram-negative bacilli should be covered in all empiric regimens. Cover MRSA if 1) the patient is being treated in a unit where >10%–20% of S. aureus isolates are MRSA, 2) the MRSA risk is not known, or 3) the patient is at increased risk factor for antimicrobial resistance.
-Treatment length: 7 days of antibiotics rather than a longer duration.
Reference
2016 HAP and VAP Guidelines.