The connecting peptide, or C-peptide, is a short 31-amino-acid polypeptide that connects insulin’s A-chain to its B-chain in the proinsulin molecule.

C peptide = Connecting peptide.

C peptide is increased with insulinomas and sulfonylureas and decreased with exogenous insulin.

“C-peptide is produced in equal amounts to insulin and is the best measure of endogenous insulin secretion in patients with diabetes. Measurement of insulin secretion using C-peptide can be helpful in clinical practice: differences in insulin secretion are fundamental to the different treatment requirements of Type 1 and Type 2 diabetes. ”

 

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3748788/

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