Light’s Criteria for Exudative Effusions

Light’s criteria (= Exudate Criteria) are 99.5% sensitive for diagnosing exudative effusions and differentiate exudate from transudative effusions in 93-96% of cases. Light’s criteria  for fluid being exudate are: Pleural fluid protein to serum protein ratio > 0.5,...

Functional Ovarian cysts

Each month, ovaries normally grow cyst-like structures called follicles. Follicles produce the hormones estrogen and progesterone and release an egg when ovulation occurs. “If a normal monthly follicle keeps growing, it’s known as a functional cyst. There...

Excisional Biopsy of Melanoma

An excisional biopsy with a 1- to 3-mm border around the lesion “The AAD recommends doing an excision with narrow margins (1–3 mm) that includes the entire gross lesion with clinically negative margins to a depth that ensures the lesion is not transected. For...

Marijuana use can cause arrhythmias

In addition to stimulant drugs like cocaine, Methamphetamines, NMDA etc, “marijuana use can cause arrhythmias and should be assessed in patients presenting with palpitations.” Source: Am Fam Physician. 2017 Dec 15;96(12):784-789. Palpitations: Evaluation...