Dopamine effects at different doses

The effects of dopamine are based on the dosing rate Effects Dose Receptors  Comments Dopaminergic effects 0.5-2 mcg/kg/min Dopamine At low doses, like 1 to 2 mcg/kg/min, DA acts mainly on dopamine-1 receptors in the renal, mesenteric, cerebral, and coronary beds,...

Antipsychotics: Side Effects

Atypical antipsychotics -Pine and -done groups. -Pine group. Clozapine Olanzapine Quetiapine -Done and -azole group. Risperidone (Risperdal) Ziprazidone (Geodon) Lurasidone (Latuda) Aripiprazole   The difference between dystonia, dyskinesia, akinesia,...

Magnesium Replacement

Magnesium (Normal range 1.5 – 2.6 mg/dl) In our pharmacy, MgSO4 comes as premix that is 1g in 50ml of Normal Saline and 2g in 100ml of Normal Saline. If you need 4 grams, they pharmacy will mix 4g in 100ml. Sometimes, if the physician wants, they can also...

Calcium Replacement

Definition of hypocalcemia: A serum calcium of < 8.4 mg/dL with a normal albumin or an ionized calcium of < 4.2 mg/dL. First, identify and treat hypomagnesemia if it is present. You have to do this first in order to effectively correct calcium. Hypomagnesemia is...

Phosphate Replacement

Treatment of Hypophosphatemia Intravenous phosphate is not completely benign. It is potentially dangerous because it can precipitate with calcium and cause hypocalcemia (because the phosphate binds to calcium), renal failure (due to calcium phosphate precipitation in...