Sinus tachycardia, DDx

Anxiety; emotional stress Pain Infection; Sepsis Fever Exercise (recently) Anemia Hemorrhage Hypovolemia, dehydration Hypotension, shock Pregnancy CHF (with reduced left ventricular function and compensatory tachycardia) Myocarditis Aortic insufficiency Diabetic...

Depression, DDx

Don’t miss: Bipolar disorder Psychiatric Normal grief response Depressive disorders Major depressive disorder Adjustment disorder with depressed mood Persistent depressive disorder (Dysthymia), for ≥ 2 years Premenstrual dysphoric disorder Substance/Medication induced...

Anxiety and Panic attack, Differential diagnosis

Generalized anxiety disorder Anxiety of other types: Social anxiety d/o, phobias, Separation anxiety disorder, etc. Panic disorder Alcoholism; Alcohol withdrawal Medication or substance abuse, e.g., caffeine, nicotine, albuterol, levothyroxine, decongestants (e.g....

Breast pain (Mastalgia), Ddx

Cyclical breast pain (physiologic) – most common. Fibrocystic disease Mastitis; breast abscess Chest wall pain Idiopathic breast pain Caffeine, nicotine Large breast size (stretches Cooper’s ligament) Breast structure: Breast cysts/macrocysts; Breast...

Falls in elderly patients, differential diagnoses

Multifactorial Balance disorder; Gait disorders Idiopathic Accident, fall from bed Environmental factors (new surroundings, walking surface hazards) Visual impairment Muscle weakness Syncope Acute illness: Pneumonia, stroke, anemia, dehydration Cerebrovascular...