Hearing Loss, Differential Diagnosis

Causes occurring within the Auditory System (Peripheral and Central) vs. Outside the Auditory System. Presbycusis Cerumen Otitis media, otitis externa Noise exposure Acoustic neuroma Meniere’s disease Otosclerosis Sudden sensorineural hearing loss Viral...

Limp in a child, Differential Diagnosis

Transient synovitis Septic arthritis, gonococcal arthritis Osteomyelitis Osgood-Schlatter’s disease Slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE) Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease (avascular necrosis of the proximal femoral head) Fractures (e.g. stress fracture, child...

Groin Pain, Differential Diagnosis

Differential Diagnosis of Groin Pain Groin muscle pull Sports hernia (Athletic pubalgia) Labral Tear Inguinal hernia Hip stress fracture Hip arthritis / Hip osteoarthritis, Hip osteonecrosis (glucocorticoid use) Hip synovitis Hip septic arthritis Avascular necrosis of...

Scrotal Pain, Differential Diagnosis

Idiopathic orchialgia Epididymitis Orchitis (e.g., viral and bacterial infection) Epididymoorchitis Post-vasectomy pain syndrome Inguinal hernia Ureteral stone Hydrocele Varicocele Testicular torsion (Torsion of the appendix testicle or appendix epididymis) Torsion of...

Seizure, Differential Diagnosis

Fever in children (Febrile seizures) Breath holding spells (children) Epilepsy (idiopathic) Metabolic disorders Electrolyte abnormalities Inborn errors of metabolism Liver or kidney failure Pyridoxine deficiency Hypoglycemia Hyponatremia Uremia Hypomagnesemia...