Pacemaker cells within the Cardiac Conducting System

The heart is designed in such a way that it has backup pacemakers so that if the SA node fails to pace a normal heart, other cells will take over. There is a chain of command in place with a specific order along the cardiac conducting system of who will take over...

Atrial Fibrillation on the ECG

What determines heart rate during a-fib? The AV node does. The AV node is the gateway to the ventricles and slows down the rapid atrial rate of atrial fibrillation. It determines how fast the heart goes in a-fib.  

Fascicular Blocks

Left Anterior Fascicular Block Left Axis Deviation: Frontal plane axis between −45° and −90°. qR pattern in lead aVL. i.e. Small Q waves with tall R waves in aVL R-peak time in lead aVL of 45 ms or more. i.e. Prolonged R wave peak time in aVL QRS duration less than...

Bundle Branch Block, Right

Right Bundle Branch Block Criteria for complete RBBB in adults from the AHA/ACC. QRS ≥ 120 msec (or 110-119 for incomplete BBB) rsr′, rsR′, or rSR′ in leads V1or V2. The R′ or r′ deflection is usually wider than the initial R wave. In a minority of patients, a wide...