Supraventricular tachycardias (SVT)

CARDIOLOGY, Clinic A/P, adults, Clinic A/P, Peds, ECG, Hospital A/P, Adults, Hospital A/P, Peds

Tachyarrhythmias Definition: Ventricular rate > 100. Based on QRS duration, they are divided into narrow-complex (QRS < 120 ms) or wide-complex (QRS >120 ms). There are further divided into regular or irregular rhythms. Mechanisms for tachyarrhythmias...

Hypertension in elderly patients

CARDIOLOGY

Age-related physiologic differences such as wider pulse pressure should be a consideration when treating hypertension in the elderly. Compared to younger patients, elderly patients have: Lower cardiac output, higher peripheral resistance, lower intravascular volume,...

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS)

CARDIOLOGY

Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) vs. Chronic Coronary Syndrome (CCS) Note: Stable Angina is NOT part of ACS. Stable angina is chest pain on exertion that is relieved by rest and or nitroglycerin. Stable angina is part of chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). CCS is also...

Pre-test Probability of Coronary Artery Disease (CAD)

CARDIOLOGY

The optimal diagnostic imaging strategy depends on the pre-test probability. “For example, patients with a very high probability of CAD may be started on medical therapy, whereas in patients with an intermediate probability additional diagnostic imaging should...

Syncope and Presyncope: Differential Diagnosis

CARDIOLOGY, DDx

A) THE 3 CLASSES OF SYNCOPE Syncope can be divided into two main categories: 1) Cardiac syncope and 2) Non-cardiac syncope. Non-cardiac syncope is sub-divided into neurally mediated (reflex) and orthostatic hypotension syncope. This makes a total of 3 main classes of...

Definition of MI

CARDIOLOGY

An MI is defined as a cardiac troponin (I or T) level above the 99th percentile of a normal reference population, plus one or more of the following: Symptoms of ischemia New significant ST/T wave changes or left bundle branch block (LBBB) Pathologic Q waves on ECG New...