Bilateral Pedal Edema

Diagnosis. H&P Risk Factors: DDx and Causes. Look for systemic causes like liver, heart, and kidney failure. Diagnostic studies: -Echocardiography – to r/o HF and evaluate for pulmonary hypertension. -Polysomnography if OSA is suspected. -Duplex U/S if...

Esophageal cancer

Diagnosis H&P: Risk factors. Common Presentation: Patient with risk factors presents with dysphagia with or without unintentional weight loss. Dysphagia starts with solids first, then advances to liquids as the disease progresses. Diagnostic studies -Upper...

Amyloidosis

“An 82-year-old white male consults you following several syncopal episodes that are clearly orthostatic in nature. During the course of your evaluation, you find that he has a large tongue, mild cardiomegaly, and findings that suggest bilateral carpal tunnel...